Types of Disabilities
- Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder: A disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity. Frequently observed in individuals with learning disabilities.
- Autism Spectrum Disorder: A developmental disorder characterized by abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interests.
- Emotional/Behavioral Disorders: A chronic condition characterized by behaviors that significantly differ from age norms and community standards to such a degree that educational performance is adversely affected.
- Hearing Impairments: Less than normal hearing (either sensitivity or speech understanding) resulting from auditory disorders.
- Intellectual Disabilities: A very broad term to describe a subaverage level of mental capacity. Intellectual disabilities can be caused by chromosomal abnormalities, metabolic and nutritional disorders, maternal infections, environmental conditions, or the reason may be unknown. An individual with an intellectual disability will most likely have a measured IQ below 70.
- Learning Disabilities: A disability in which there is a discrepancy between a person’s ability and academic achievement; individual possesses average intelligence.
- Multiple Disabilities: Concomitant impairments that result in such severe educational needs that a student cannot be accommodated in a special education program solely on the basis of one of the impairments.
- Orthopedic Impairments: A physical disability that occurs from congenital anomalies, diseases, or other causes that adversely affect a child’s educational performance.
- Other Health Impairments: A chronic or acute health problem that results in limited strength, vitality, or alertness and adversely affects educational performance.
- Speech and Language Impairments: A disability in which individuals have problems with communication and related areas such as oral motor function. Delays and disorders may range from subtle to an inability to understand or use language.
- Traumatic Brain Injury: An acquired injury to the brain caused by an external force that results in a disability or psychosocial impairment that adversely affects educational performance.
- Visual Impairments: An impairment in vision that, even with correction, adversely affects an individual’s educational performance. The term includes both partial sight and blindness.
Concept Map Outlining Disabilities
Reflection:
I began by briefly describing different categories of disabilities. After, I created a new concept map for this artifact that describes only the categories of disabilities. I pulled information from other concept maps, but this was essentially a new concept map. Learning through the use of a concept map allows for individuals to see how certain concepts are related to other concepts.